5 Documents You Need Before Applying for a Commercial Loan
Nothing slows down a commercial loan more than missing paperwork. I’ve seen deals stall for weeks because borrowers weren’t prepared with the basics. Here’s how to get ahead of the game
1. Personal Financial Statement (PFS)
Lenders want to know your complete financial picture—assets, liabilities, income sources, and net worth. Most use a standard form (often the SBA’s Form 413 or their own template). Fill it out completely and accurately. Gaps or inconsistencies raise red flags.
2. Two Years of Tax Returns
Both personal and business returns, if applicable. Lenders will look at your reported income, not what you tell them you make. If you’ve got heavy write-offs that make your income look lower than reality, be prepared to explain.
3. Schedule of Real Estate Owned (SREO)
If you own other properties, lenders need details: addresses, values, loan balances, rental income, and monthly payments. This shows your experience and helps them assess your overall exposure.
4. Property Financials (for Income Properties)
For investment properties, you’ll need a trailing 12-month income and expense statement (called a T-12), current rent roll, and copies of leases. The lender wants to verify that the property actually performs the way you’re representing it.
5. Entity Documents
If you’re buying through an LLC or corporation, have your operating agreement, articles of organization, and EIN letter ready. Some lenders also require a certificate of good standing from your state.
Bonus: A Clear Summary of the Deal
While not always required, a one-page summary of the transaction helps. Include the property address, purchase price, loan amount requested, property type, and your investment thesis. It shows the lender you’re organized and serious. Getting these documents together before you start shopping for financing will speed up your approval and make you a more attractive borrower. Preparation signals professionalism.